Yakubu et al eds crisis and conflict management in nigeria since 1980. In nigeria, ethnic plurality cuts across local, regional and national levels. Ethnoreligious identity and conflict in northern nigeria. From the independence nigeria in 1960 till date, ethnoreligious crisis have been a burning issue both in the politics, development and national debates. Download ethnoreligious conflict in nigeria by basil ugorji to read the full paper in pdf. In spite of nigerias huge oil wealth, there have been shortages of fuel, rationing of power and, in rural areas, the lack of suitable drinking water. In 1861, the british officials annexed lagos and continued and defeated, the sokoto caliphate in 1902. Thus, the recurring political and ethnoreligious conflicts in nigeria have become matter.
Nigeria, like many african countries, is a multiethnic country with over 250 ethnic groups, where islam and christianity are the two predominant religious beliefs. This paper explores the impact of ethnoreligious conflicts on nigerias federalism and sustainability, with greater emphasis on. An assessment of these crises, as well as their effects on the socioeconomic fabric of nigeria will be carried out, in a view to profer solutions. Ethno religious crisis and nigerian democracy international.
This was a major factor in the biafran secession and the resulting civil war. Ethnoreligious crisis at dogo nahawa, shen and fan villages, plateau state. The gruesome clashes among some of nigerias disparate ethnoreligious groups have become a nightmare that haunts the country and constitute a threat to. An overview of the structure of ethnoreligious crises in nigeria a brief examination of the composition of ethnic groups in nigeria reveals that nigeria has on record about 56 ethnic groups, identified by iwaloye and ibeanu 1997 as follows.
Ethnoreligious crises in nigeria have produced dysfunctional effects on. The igbo massacre of 1966 in the north that followed the countercoup of the same year had as a dual cause the igbo officers coup and preexisting sectarian tensions between the igbos and the local muslims. Rhethorics and realities of managing ethnoreligious. Challenges, solutions to ethno religious crises in. Communal and ethnoreligious crises and their implications. This also is instrumental to the rise of ethnoreligious crisis.
Nigeria has played host to different types of conflict, especially since the beginning of the fourth republic. Religious conflict in nigeria goes as far back as 1953, and in the case of the town of tafawa balewa, to 1948. What we are witnessing through these crises is a transfer of aggression from one grievance to innocent nigerians. Examples of such ethnoreligious conflicts are the kafanchankaduna crisis that occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, the kaduna sharia riots of 2000 and the jos riots of 2001 2 osaghae and suberu 2005. Nigeria, published by the centre for law enforcement education and the world organisation against torture, 2002. Request pdf a diary of ethnoreligious crises in nigeria. Causes, effects and solutions ethnic and religious issues form part of the most recurring. An ethnoreligious mayhem that claimed over 500 lives and many women and children were abducted by suspected taroh militia. Ethnic and religious crises in nigeria african journals online. By muhammad gambo isgogo hassan adamu makuku umar hamidu aliyu abstract introduction nigeria is no doubt a populous nation of over 88 million 1991 population census but as at now nigerias population is estimated to be above 120 million people of diverse ethnic groups and many religions. The paper argues that ethno religious crisis not only undermines. Nigeria has been pushed hither and thither by recurrent crises of regional or state illegitimacy, often impairing efforts at.
Ethnoreligious conflict and peace building in nigeria. The state which had hitherto been one of the most relatively peaceful in west africa has been deeply enmeshed and suffused in. Manifestation, effect and the aw y forardw nwaomah, s. Christian indigenes need only point to the discrimination. Ethnoreligious crisis as a threat to the stability of nigerias federalism michael b. Religious conflicts in nigeria world socialist web site.
The north and the rest of nigeria ethnoreligious crisis. While the identity mobilization themes in nigeria have not changed much during the post military era of 1999, the major transformation in the country regarding ethnoreligious identities has been that with regard to the reintroduction of the sharia islamic legal code or its expansion from personal to criminal matters. Political, ethnoreligious or social conflicts often spring from the pursuance of divergent ideas, aspirations and interests expressed by a group of people or individuals under particular environmental conditions. The paper concludes that good governance, accountability, poverty and unemployment reduction and restructuring of federalism are important issues to be addressed in order to solve permanently the problem of ethnoreligious and political conflicts that have continued to threaten nigeria democracy. Plateau state of nigeria has been in the news since the first major ethnoreligious conflict of 7th september, 2001 in which over 2000 lives were lost and property worth millions of naira nigerian currency were destroyed in the capital city of jos and other local government areas. There is a consensus by scholars that nigeria provides a one of the best case for study on ethnoreligious crisis because, first the multiethnicity of nigerian nation. The impact of ethnoreligious conflict on nigerian federalism. The crisis was seen as the northern nigerias first major wave of religiouslyinspired violence. It has been of grave concern to all governments both the military and democratic governments a. Professor of biblical studies mission and religion and society babcock university, ilishanremo, ogun state, nigeria email. Religious crisis in nigeria causes and solutions religious crisis in nigeria is prevalent, owing to a number of reasons. Another ethnoreligious conflict that left a remarkable mark in nigeria was the kadunaenugu riots. So, impact of ethnoreligious crises on socio economic activities in wukari local government area will be xrayed with a view to proffering some recommendations to forestall future occurrence. The challenge of ethnoreligious crisis to missions.
Nonmuslims were attacked in reprisal of the plateau crisis over 200 people feared. Here we briefly examine the root causes of the religious crisis in nigeria. Politics, ethnoreligious conflicts and democratic consolidation in nigeria volume 41 issue 1 ukoha ukiwo skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Implications of ethnoreligious conflicts in nigeria ethnoreligious crises in nigeria have presented many challenges that border on security and the corporate existence of the country. Otite 200 in his own view, opined that in a democratic situation ethnicity, and religious become weapons of power game as a symbolic difference and instrumental game of number. Abstract since the 1914 amalgamation of the northern and southern regions of nigeria by the british colonial government, nigerians have continued to debate the issues of peaceful coexistence among the various ethnic groups on the one hand, and between christians and muslims on the other. Religious dogmatism, prejudice and conflict in nigeria.
Several hundred lives were lost during the kaduna crisis of 2000 and the jos insurrection of 2001. Ethnoreligious crises are part of issues that are of grave concern in nigeria. In nigeria, since the return to civil rule in 1999, domestic instability arising from ethnoreligious, inter and intra communal conflicts of varying degrees and. Religious and ethnic nationalism has led to conf licts about control of state power, unequal allocation of resources, citizenship issues, state collapse, economic decline and ethnoreligious clashes. The paper argues that ethnoreligious crisis not only undermines. The third section examined the interface between insecurity, national and development. The nature of ethno religious challenge facing the nigerian church in another article, i have noted the pluralistic nature of the nigerian society. This study examined the implications of ethnoreligious crisis on nigerias national security.
The latency of episodic genocide by grace okoye a dissertation presented to the graduate school of humanities and. Challenges, solutions to ethno religious crises in nigeria by aguh chinyere peace and security elude nigeria from the evil machinations of the british in the amalgamation theory of 1914 where people of variegated beliefs and cultures were submerged together to satisfy british administrative conveniences. Acled regional overview africa 8 14 march 2020 source. However, ethnoreligious conflicts have tended to impact the effectiveness of. The fourth analyzed the effect of ethnoreligious crisis on socioeconomic development. Pdf federalism is a formidable mechanism for managing plural societies.
Ethnoreligious conflicts and a nation in crisis punch. May 12, 2004 kano kano state kano mayhem following the yelwa shendam ethnoreligious crisis in plateau. Since the emergence of the nascent democracy in 1999, nigeria has become a permanent flashpoint of violent clashes. At the local level, it is exceptional villages that are homogeneous. Also with the exception of ojokhetas ojokheta, 2010 study, all the other studies were conducted outside nigeria. Manifestation, effect and the way forward article pdf available august 2011 with 34,1 reads how we measure reads. A longterm solution to the jos and wider plateau state crisis will need to tackle the indigenesettler divide.
The jos crisis, book haram terrorist attacks are examples of the various religious crises that have plagued the country in recent times. Good governance, conflicts, ethnoreligious identities, clashes of civilization and. The north and the rest of nigeria on august 8, 2009 5. Apparently, the government itself is generating crises directly by failing to appreciate the peoples aspirations.
The conflict in jos, which has become interactable, is generally. The outcome of this study will contribute to the efforts of the federal, state and local governments at preventing and resolving ethnoreligious crises in nigeria. Shehu phd and others published ethnoreligious crisis in northern nigeria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The second section xrays reasons behind ethnoreligious crisis and proliferation of militia groups in nigeria. Colonial masters play a vital role in the growth of ethno religious conflicts, these colonial masters brought the christianity with them and try to penetrate the western values in the system of nigeria.
The paper concludes by suggesting how to curb ethnoreligious problems in nigeria in order to promote good governance. Towards achieving ethnoreligious peaceful coexistence in. Aleyomi department of political science and international relations, landmark university, omuaran, kwara state, nigeria abstract federalism is a formidable mechanism for managing plural societies. Critical amongst these, is ethnoreligious conflict, whose centrifugal tendencies potent dangerous vortex for the corporate existence of the country. It is rich but nigerians are poor, many extremely so, its members are from different ethnic, political and religious communities. Suggested citation abdulkadir, abubakar, a diary of ethnoreligious crises in nigeria. Ethnoreligious conflict in jos, nigeria, intensely dissected the ethnoreligious crisis in jos and proffered workable solutions. Motivators of students persistence on distance learning. The root cause of this set of riot was the introduction of the islamic legal code sharia by some. Ethnoreligious conflicts and the theoretical foundation. Pdf ethnoreligious crisis as a threat to the stability of nigerias. The growing incidence of ethnoreligious crisis in nigeria is sufficiently worrisome to assert that the government that statutorily has responsibility for crisis management is not doing enough. Posted 18 mar 2020 originally published 18 mar 2020. Led by muhammadu marwa, a cameroonian living in kano, the crisis prompted immense ethnoreligious discord between christians and muslims.
922 812 311 449 1292 870 808 651 1481 957 1136 765 652 757 1270 276 1051 251 1266 1167 1426 947 236 1351 814 1189 1480 716 1371 1427 145 304 1450 426 1005 430 664 1204 523